If you're considering tiles for your walls or floors, it's essential to know the various types available before diving into color and pattern choices.
Tiles come in numerous materials, each with distinct characteristics. Some are perfect for underfloor heating, while others can't handle it. Certain tiles age beautifully with use, while others remain pristine. Natural stone often requires sealing and special care, unlike modern porcelains that demand minimal upkeep.
Current trends favor tiles that imitate natural materials like stone, wood, and even fabrics, offering the durability of tiles with the look of luxury. Patterned tiles with geometric designs and vibrant colors are also making a comeback.
In terms of size, large-format tiles are gaining popularity beyond just kitchens and bathrooms. 'More homeowners are using them throughout their living spaces,' states a sales manager. 'In open-plan areas, large tiles create a cohesive look across the room.'
1. Ceramic
Ceramic tiles are made from a mix of clays, shaped, dried, glazed, and kiln-fired. While unglazed options exist, many are too soft for flooring and can crack or stain. Some require sealing before and after installation, so research is key.
Two main advantages of ceramic tiles are their vast range of colors and patterns, making them ideal for features like kitchen backsplashes, and their affordability. They're lightweight at about 6mm thick, simplifying installation. However, their fragility means they're not suitable for high-traffic floor areas.
2. Porcelain
Porcelain tiles are crafted from fine clay mixed with quartz and feldspar, fired at high temperatures to become hard and nearly impervious. With less than 0.1% water absorption, these tiles are ideal for busy areas and outdoor use, requiring no sealing and little maintenance.
Typically 10 to 12mm thick, new thinner options are available, which can be laid over existing tiles without the hassle of removal. This preserves underfloor heating and reduces material usage, making them eco-friendly. Recent advancements allow for unique designs that mimic natural stone and wood.
3. Terracotta
Terracotta tiles, known for their warm, earthy tones, are great for creating rustic spaces. Crafted from soft clay, these tiles are durable and often available as reclaimed pieces. They can be handmade or machine-molded, with untreated tiles requiring sealing to avoid porosity.
Popular in 8in and 12in sizes, larger tiles may be thicker and harder to install. Consider rectangular tiles laid in herringbone patterns for visual interest.
4. Quarry
Quarry tiles, also clay-based, are less porous due to higher firing temperatures. They're durable and suitable for hallways, kitchens, and outdoor areas but need sealing.
5. Zellige
Originating from the Middle East, Zellige tiles are handmade from clay and feature vibrant patterns. Expect natural color variations and a premium price, often exceeding $250 per square yard.
6. Travertine
Travertine is a more affordable stone option with a porous surface. It can be pre-honed or filled after installation. Regular sealing is necessary to maintain its appearance, and it offers a range of colors.
7. Limestone
Limestone is a popular stone choice available in various colors and finishes, suitable for indoor and outdoor use. It requires strong sealing to prevent staining.
8. Slate
Slate tiles feature rich colors and require proper sealing to prevent damage. A color intensifier can enhance their appeal.
9. Reformed Stone
Reformed stone tiles, made from 60% recycled materials, are a sustainable choice. They come in several sizes and colors, ideal for various applications.
10. Encaustic/Cement
Encaustic tiles feature intricate designs created through a stamping process. They age beautifully, making them a charming choice for rustic interiors.
11. Marble
Each marble tile is unique, featuring exquisite veining. While it adds luxury to any room, marble is prone to scratching and staining, necessitating regular sealing and maintenance.
12. Mosaic
Mosaic tiles, made from diverse materials, offer a luxurious look and unique texture. They're easy to maintain and great for high-moisture areas.
Most mosaics come on sheets that can be cut to fit. However, installation requires skill, so hiring an experienced professional is advisable.
